Презентация на тему "Culture-bound words and phraseological units"

Содержание

• 
  Слайд 1

  Culture-bound words and phraseological units

• 
  Слайд 2
  

  Culture-bound words – socio-culture component Actuals finding no equivalents in another language on particular period of development cavalry elephantry valet parking

• 
  Слайд 3

  Reasons of culture-bound words

  no subject or phenomena – French windows No concept – comp. сутки= day and night,24 hours lexics-stylistic differences in languages дочь, доченька, дочурка, дочка - daughter

• 
  Слайд 4

  types of actuals

  geographical – рус. степь, тундра, Eng. heath, moor labor – совхоз, субботник culture – частушки, limericks political – губерния, Senate, Lord Chancellor everyday life – борщ, pudding clothes – Wellingtons, polo coat transport – double-decker, cucumber military – frog (free rocket over ground) – земля-земля

• 
  Слайд 5
  

  number of actuals = number of humanity spheres “Actual” is wider as a concept “Culture-bound word” – more narrow. Connected with translation

• 
  Слайд 6

  Ways of translation

  Loan translation (calquing) – inner form of word or word-combination – great jury – большое жюри Transcription/transliteration - Newton-Ньютон, pub-паб, риелтор, мерчендайзер Association/analogue – drugstore, chemist’s – аптека Explication – cat’s eyes –спец. Дорожная разметка

• 
  Слайд 7

  phraseological units

  Figurative meaning – plane of content do not coincide with plane of expression

• 
  Слайд 8

  Levels of phraseology

  Fusions – kick the bucket, go west, go Dutch Use dictionary, context is not enough Unities – to prepare to the better world, To join the majority - умереть Collocasion - To take a nap – вздремнуть, to take a sleep – вздремнуть, to take a smoke - покурить International - the sword of Damoclos – Домоклов меч (мечДомокла), the game isnotworth the candle – игра не стоит свеч (в англ.: не стоит свечи).

• 
  Слайд 9
  

  Find dissonant parts of utterance Clearly understand its function – sometimes game of words based on the meaning differences Style may differ in different languages Rome was not built in a day – Москва не сразу строилась

• 
  Слайд 10

  Rules of translation

  Find equivalent – Achilles heel – Ахиллесова пята If no equivalent – find idiom with another image but the same inner meaning - When Queen Ann was alive = при царе Горохе Loan translation – Hell’s angels – Ангелы Ада Parallel translation (loan t. + explication) - The City of Brotherly love – Город Братской любви,Филадельфия Explanation

• 
  Слайд 11

  Transcription and transliteration

  Transcription – keeping the pronunciation Transliteration – keeping graphical form